Carbon dot nanomaterials (CDNs) have emerged as a significant class of nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications in various fields. These highly fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties that originate from their fundamental structure and surface chemistry. Their tunable size, shape, and c

Orthopedic surgery often necessitates robust and biocompatible materials to ensure successful bone healing. In this realm, orthopedic grade titanium rods stand out as the epitome of engineering excellence. Crafted from pure titanium, renowned for its exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, these rods provide unparalleled stability and support during